The Death of Lazarus: God is Love
Delivered by Rev. Dr. Jim Sack on Sunday, March 22, 2026.
英語のテキストの後に日本語訳があります。こちらはChatGPTによる機械翻訳であり、文法的な誤りが含まれている可能性があります。基本的な正確さを確認しております。
Passage:
John 11:1-45 (NRSV)
The Death of Lazarus
1 Now a certain man was ill, Lazarus of Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha. 2 Mary was the one who anointed the Lord with perfume and wiped his feet with her hair; her brother Lazarus was ill. 3 So the sisters sent a message to Jesus, “Lord, he whom you love is ill.” 4 But when Jesus heard it, he said, “This illness does not lead to death; rather it is for God’s glory, so that the Son of God may be glorified through it.” 5 Accordingly, though Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus, 6 after having heard that Lazarus was ill, he stayed two days longer in the place where he was. 7 Then after this he said to the disciples, “Let us go to Judea again.” 8 The disciples said to him, “Rabbi, the Jews were just now trying to stone you, and are you going there again?” 9 Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours of daylight? Those who walk during the day do not stumble, because they see the light of this world. 10 But those who walk at night stumble, because the light is not in them.” 11 After saying this, he told them, “Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep, but I am going there to awaken him.” 12 The disciples said to him, “Lord, if he has fallen asleep, he will be all right.” 13 Jesus, however, had been speaking about his death, but they thought that he was referring merely to sleep. 14 Then Jesus told them plainly, “Lazarus is dead. 15 For your sake I am glad I was not there, so that you may believe. But let us go to him.” 16 Thomas, who was called the Twin, said to his fellow disciples, “Let us also go, that we may die with him.”
Jesus the Resurrection and the Life
17 When Jesus arrived, he found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb four days. 18 Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, some two miles away, 19 and many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to console them about their brother. 20 When Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went and met him, while Mary stayed at home. 21 Martha said to Jesus, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died. 22 But even now I know that God will give you whatever you ask of him.” 23 Jesus said to her, “Your brother will rise again.” 24 Martha said to him, “I know that he will rise again in the resurrection on the last day.” 25 Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. Those who believe in me, even though they die, will live, 26 and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?” 27 She said to him, “Yes, Lord, I believe that you are the Messiah, the Son of God, the one coming into the world.”
Jesus Weeps
28 When she had said this, she went back and called her sister Mary, and told her privately, “The Teacher is here and is calling for you.” 29 And when she heard it, she got up quickly and went to him. 30 Now Jesus had not yet come to the village, but was still at the place where Martha had met him. 31 The Jews who were with her in the house, consoling her, saw Mary get up quickly and go out. They followed her because they thought that she was going to the tomb to weep there. 32 When Mary came where Jesus was and saw him, she knelt at his feet and said to him, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.” 33 When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who came with her also weeping, he was greatly disturbed in spirit and deeply moved. 34 He said, “Where have you laid him?” They said to him, “Lord, come and see.” 35 Jesus began to weep. 36 So the Jews said, “See how he loved him!” 37 But some of them said, “Could not he who opened the eyes of the blind man have kept this man from dying?”
Jesus Raises Lazarus to Life
38 Then Jesus, again greatly disturbed, came to the tomb. It was a cave, and a stone was lying against it. 39 Jesus said, “Take away the stone.” Martha, the sister of the dead man, said to him, “Lord, already there is a stench because he has been dead four days.” 40 Jesus said to her, “Did I not tell you that if you believed, you would see the glory of God?” 41 So they took away the stone. And Jesus looked upward and said, “Father, I thank you for having heard me. 42 I knew that you always hear me, but I have said this for the sake of the crowd standing here, so that they may believe that you sent me.” 43 When he had said this, he cried with a loud voice, “Lazarus, come out!” 44 The dead man came out, his hands and feet bound with strips of cloth, and his face wrapped in a cloth. Jesus said to them, “Unbind him, and let him go.”
The Plot to Kill Jesus (Mt 26:1–5; Mk 14:1–2; Lk 22:1–2)
45 Many of the Jews therefore, who had come with Mary and had seen what Jesus did, believed in him.
Sermon Text:
I have preached on this text at WTUC at least twice before. Since I did not want to just rehash things I have said before, I started by looking at the content of the Gospel text, as if it was for the first time. By doing that, I was surprised when the title of the sermon I chose, “The Death of Lazarus: God is Love” came to my mind. In the Bible, the Word love is mentioned anywhere between 311 times to well over a 1000 in the Bible, depending on the translation and the original words used.
With that, I want to start this sermon off talking about a Dachshund named Boots that we now have. Our dog Boots has the ability to communicate even without words. She has a willingness to serve and forgive us over and over as we stumble through life. It is believed that dogs in general were domesticated perhaps 11-12,000 years ago. In the 1600’s, it was commonplace to see dogs in church. Special benches were place at the rear of many churches to accommodate them and their owners. The 20th century has seen the creation of a new role for dogs, including the role of therapy and service dog.
Going back to Boots, we know he is such a happy dog, with her tail whipping back and forth at 100 mph. When we come home, no matter what time of day or night, she is jumping up and down at the glass genkan door, trying to get to us, greet us, and share her love with us. When we go out on a walk, she thinks that every single person we meet is just as interested in her, as she is in them. It is like she is saying “you are the best thing I have ever encountered in my entire life.” No doubt she is also thinking she is the best thing they have encountered today as well. It does not matter who they are, how wealthy they are or not, what racial features they have, if they are famous or not. None of that matters. It is merely the fact that she is with this person in this here and now and that fact is filled with meaning. When I wake up, I am privileged to experience that each and every day of the year. Boots, to me is a furry and concrete living example of love.
Because dogs basically provide something close to unconditional love, they can be a tremendous help during the grieving process of humans. Psychologist Karen Allen, of the State University of New York School of Medicine conducted a study on the calming effects of pets on their owners in stressful situations. Let me quote her: “Dogs are like your husband or wife on a good day. They’re nonjudgmental and always glad to see you.”
Then there is a prayer I heard long ago, that I really appreciate. “I pray that I may become the person that my dog thinks I am. I pray that I may learn to love others as unconditionally and non-judgmentally as she loves me.”
If God were to be dyslexic, God would then become Dog. Then we could say “Dog is love.” That is what I am privileged to experience every day! But God is probably not dyslexic, and so now return to our text for today. In past sermons, I dwelt upon Lazarus, his death and resurrection. I considered Lazarus, his sisters, and their relationship with Jesus. However, today, what struck me was the importance of that word “love.” There are exactly 900 words in this lesson, but the word “love” is mentioned only 3 times, which makes up a mere 0.3% of all the words. Even though the percentage of this passage related to love is very small, I contend that this concept of love is the most important one found here.
I was noticing last year how often on the internet there were sites that talked about “notable deaths of 2025,” and pictures of well know people were shown, and they listed facts about the person’s life and gave their birth date as well as the date of their death. Now, “notable” means “worthy of attention or notice,” or “important person.” As I was contemplating this phenomenon, I found myself being somewhat disturbed. I don’t personally know a lot of “important or famous people,” but at the same time I interact with a lot of folks. It got me thinking about the meaning of “notable” again. I am convinced that when a person you love, or think very highly of dies, that in itself is a “notable death,” is it not? Why do we have a need to categorize people by status, fame, wealth or some other standard. If you love a person and they die, that is definitely a “notable death!” I think the death of a homeless person, or someone who has no family, is equally notable in the eyes of God.
In our Gospel text, we have Jesus a number of days away from his dear friend Lazarus. (From text: Lord, “he whom you love”) In fact, we know he had been in the tomb 4 days by the time Jesus finally arrives on the scene.
In some ways Jesus shows us a realistic example of how we also may respond too when someone we love dies. “When Jesus saw Mary weeping, and the Jews who came with her also weeping, he was greatly disturbed in spirit and deeply moved. Jesus began to weep.” We all may have experienced similar things when we go to a funeral. When we hear others weeping, we may also weep, as we think about the loss of a dear family member or friend. The Jews mentioned, “See how he loved him!” Even Jesus, the Son of God, could not contain himself at the thought of Lazarus dying, because He loved Lazarus.”
I want to share my own understanding or belief about this whole episode. No doubt, even if nobody else was around when Jesus arrived at the house, Jesus would have wept, showing the deep love he had for Lazarus. As we know, Jesus is simultaneously, both fully human, and fully divine. This means Jesus have two complete and distinct natures or identities, simultaneously. It feels like a contradiction in terms, but helps explain Jesus’ nature that is well beyond our human ability to comprehend. It defies our reason and logic, and yet, somehow this all makes sense to me.
I think we see both aspects of his identity here. Jesus crying is a manifestation of his grieving the loss of a dear friend. He is partaking in the response to the death of Lazarus. Just like Mary and the Jews surrounding her, Jesus joins in with this concrete sign of grief. The lesson mentions that Jesus is both deeply moved and twice “greatly disturbed” with this death. To me, this indicates the human aspect of Jesus’ identity. I do not think that God would be disturbed by a death, since there is an afterlife that God both created and is fully aware of.
Then there is another aspect of this event, and that is related to love. Once again, the expression of Jesus’ love is parallel to the others there who probably loved Lazarus as well. This displays the human nature of Jesus. And yet, at the same time, I believe that the love we hear about in this lesson is both human and divine. As human love, we are told “Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus.” Likewise, the sisters had sent a message to Jesus while he was still days away. We read about this message, “Lord, he whom you love is ill.” Finally, after Jesus wept, the Jews mention “See how he loved him!”
A second aspect of Jesus’ love, I believe, is the divine aspect, above and beyond the human love. This is similar to the kind of love that Boots and other dogs show to their owners. I mentioned that Boots’ love is “basically” unconditional, but even she is not able to provide totally unconditional love. The one and only existence that can do that is God, as revealed through our Savior Jesus. This love is not only for particular people, or one individual. This love is the core of God’s being and God’s purpose for all creation, but especially for humans. The concise expression of this is found in 1 John 4:8: God is love.
I would like to take a minute to lift up 5 or six verses that can represent this divine kind of love that is unconditional.
John 3:16: For God so loved the world that . . . whoever
Psalm 89:1-2: I will sing of your steadfast love O Lord, I declare that your steadfast love is established forever;
Isaiah 54:10: my steadfast love shall not depart from you
Romans 8:39: nothing in all creation will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.
John 17:26: I have made you known to them, and will continue to make you known in order that the love you have for me may be in them and that I myself may be in them.
1 John 4:7: Beloved, let us love one another, because love is from God
As a life-long Christian and spending 44 years as a pastor, my understanding is that basically we see Jesus continually offering three things to the people he encountered. The three things are inclusivity, forgiveness and love. He was always trying to bring in those who had been ostracized, excluded or marginalized. He saw all people as worthy to be loved by God. Therefore, Jesus was continually reaching out to those on the outside.
Then there is forgiveness. We see this concept of “to forgive” or “forgiveness,” nearly 170 times in the NT. (Differs by translation.) His understanding about forgiveness can be seen as something that should always be available. There is no limit to the number of times we are called to forgive.
I actually see both inclusion and forgiveness as parts of the Unconditional Love of God as found in Jesus, both human and divine. In the moisture of the tears of Jesus when he wept, we find the essence of inclusiveness, forgiveness and both human and divine love.
Today we have gone from dog to God, have experienced both death and life, and maybe, just maybe got some inklings about the depth of the essence of love that God has for each of us. I am convinced that just like Jesus wept for Lazarus, he too weeps for each one of us, with all our foibles, sins, incompleteness and pain. Yes, truly God is love. Amen.
日本語訳:
私はこれまでに、この聖書の箇所について少なくとも2回、WTUCで説教をしてきました。同じことを繰り返したくなかったので、今回は初めて読むかのような気持ちで福音書の内容を見直してみました。すると驚いたことに、「ラザロの死:神は愛である」という説教のタイトルが自然と心に浮かんできました。聖書の中では、「愛」という言葉は、翻訳や元の言語にもよりますが、311回から1000回以上も登場すると言われています。
そこで、この説教は、今私たちが飼っている「ブーツ」という名前のダックスフンドの話から始めたいと思います。私たちの犬ブーツは、言葉がなくても気持ちを伝えることができます。そして、私たちが人生で失敗したりつまずいたりしても、何度でも仕えようとし、何度でも許してくれます。犬は一般的に、約1万1000年から1万2000年前に人間に飼いならされたと考えられています。1600年代には、教会に犬がいるのは珍しいことではありませんでした。多くの教会では、後ろの方に犬とその飼い主のための特別なベンチが用意されていました。20世紀になると、セラピー犬や介助犬など、犬の新しい役割も生まれました。
ブーツの話に戻ると、この犬は本当に幸せそうで、しっぽをものすごい勢いで振っています。私たちが昼でも夜でも家に帰ると、玄関のガラス戸のところで飛び跳ねながら、私たちを迎えようとして、愛情を伝えてくれます。散歩に行くと、出会うすべての人が、自分と同じくらい自分に興味を持っていると思っているようです。まるで「あなたは、これまでの人生で出会った中で一番すてきな存在だよ」と言っているかのようです。そしてきっと、自分も相手にとって今日一番すてきな存在だと思っているのでしょう。相手が誰であっても、お金持ちかどうか、人種や見た目、有名かどうかなどは全く関係ありません。ただ「今ここでこの人と一緒にいる」ということ自体に意味があるのです。私は毎朝、そのような体験ができることをとてもありがたく思っています。私にとってブーツは、ふわふわした体を持った、目に見える「愛」の生きた例なのです。
犬はほとんど無条件に近い愛を与えてくれるので、人が悲しみの中にいるとき、大きな助けになります。ニューヨーク州立大学医学部の心理学者カレン・アレンは、ストレスの多い状況でペットが飼い主をどれだけ落ち着かせるかについて研究を行いました。彼女の言葉を紹介します。「犬は、調子の良い日の夫や妻のようなものです。相手を批判せず、いつでも会えるのを喜んでくれます。」
そして、ずっと前に聞いた、とても心に残っている祈りがあります。
「私が、うちの犬が思っているような人間になれますように。私が、犬が私を愛してくれるように、無条件で、そして人を決めつけずに他の人を愛せるようになりますように。」
もし神様がディスレクシア(文字を逆に読んでしまうような状態)だったら、「God(神)」は「Dog(犬)」になってしまいます。そうすると「犬は愛である」と言えるかもしれません。実際、私は毎日それを感じています!でも神様がディスレクシアである可能性は低いので、ここで今日の聖書の話に戻りましょう。
これまでの説教では、ラザロや彼の死、そして復活について考えてきました。また、ラザロとその姉妹、そしてイエスとの関係についても話してきました。しかし今回、特に心に強く残ったのは「愛」という言葉の大切さです。この箇所には全部で900語ありますが、「愛」という言葉はたった3回しか出てきません。つまり全体のわずか0.3%です。それでも私は、この「愛」という考えこそが、この物語の中で最も重要だと思うのです。
去年、インターネットで「2025年の著名人の死」といった記事をよく見かけました。有名な人たちの写真が並び、その人の人生や生まれた日、亡くなった日などが紹介されていました。「著名(notable)」というのは、「注目に値する」「重要な人」という意味です。私はこれを見て、少し違和感を覚えました。
私は有名人をたくさん知っているわけではありませんが、日々いろいろな人と関わっています。そして「著名」という言葉の意味について改めて考えました。私はこう思うのです。自分が愛している人や、とても大切に思っている人が亡くなったとき、それはそれだけで「特別な死(著名な死)」ではないでしょうか?なぜ私たちは、人を地位や名声、お金などで分ける必要があるのでしょうか。もしあなたが誰かを愛していて、その人が亡くなったなら、それは間違いなく「特別な死」です。ホームレスの人や、家族がいない人の死であっても、神様の目から見れば同じように大切で意味のあるものだと私は思います。
今日の福音書では、イエスは大切な友人ラザロのもとから少し離れた場所にいました。(聖書には「主よ、あなたが愛している人が病気です」とあります。)そして、イエスが到着したときには、ラザロはすでに4日間も墓の中にいました。
この場面で、イエスは私たちが大切な人を失ったときにどのように感じるか、その現実的な姿を見せてくれます。
「イエスは、マリアが泣いているのと、一緒に来た人々も泣いているのを見て、心に深い悲しみを覚え、強く心を動かされた。そしてイエスは涙を流された。」
私たちも葬儀などで似たような経験をしたことがあるかもしれません。他の人が泣いているのを見ると、自分も大切な家族や友人のことを思い出して涙が出てくることがあります。そこにいた人々は言いました。「ご覧なさい、イエスはどれほどラザロを愛していたことか。」神の子であるイエスでさえ、ラザロの死を前にして涙をこらえることができませんでした。それほどラザロを愛していたのです。
この出来事全体について、私自身の考えを少し分かち合いたいと思います。イエスが家に到着したとき、たとえ周りに誰もいなかったとしても、きっと涙を流していたでしょう。それは、ラザロに対する深い愛を表しているからです。
私たちが知っているように、イエスは「完全な人間」であると同時に「完全な神」でもあります。つまり、イエスは2つの完全で異なる性質を同時に持っているということです。一見すると矛盾しているように感じますが、これは人間の理解を超えたイエスの本質を説明する考え方です。理屈や論理では説明しきれませんが、それでも私はどこか納得できるのです。
この場面では、その両方の面が現れていると思います。イエスが泣いたのは、大切な友人を失った悲しみの表れです。ラザロの死に対して、イエスも他の人たちと同じように悲しみを分かち合っています。マリアや周りの人々と同じように、目に見える形で悲しみを表しているのです。この箇所では、イエスが深く心を動かされ、「強く心を乱された」と2回も書かれています。これは、イエスの人間としての側面を示していると思います。神は死によって動揺することはないはずです。なぜなら、神は死後の世界を創り、それをすべて知っているからです。
そして、この出来事にはもう一つの大切な側面があります。それが「愛」です。ここでも、イエスの愛は周りの人々の愛と似ています。彼らもきっとラザロを愛していたでしょう。これはイエスの人間としての姿を示しています。しかし同時に、この箇所に出てくる「愛」は、人間的な愛であると同時に、神的な愛でもあると私は思います。
人間としての愛については、「イエスはマルタとその姉妹、そしてラザロを愛していた」と書かれています。また、姉妹たちはイエスがまだ遠くにいるときに、「主よ、あなたが愛している人が病気です」と知らせを送りました。そしてイエスが涙を流したあと、人々は「ご覧なさい、どれほど愛していたことか」と言いました。
しかし、イエスの愛にはもう一つの側面があります。それは人間の愛を超えた「神としての愛」です。これは、ブーツや他の犬たちが飼い主に示す愛にも少し似ています。私はブーツの愛を「ほとんど無条件」と言いましたが、完全に無条件というわけではありません。本当に完全な無条件の愛を与えられる存在は、ただ一つ、神だけです。そしてその神の愛は、救い主イエスを通して私たちに示されています。
この愛は、特定の人や一人のためだけのものではありません。これは神の本質そのものであり、すべての被造物、特に人間に対する神の目的でもあります。このことを短く表しているのが、ヨハネの手紙第一4章8節の「神は愛である」という言葉です。
ここで少し、この無条件の神の愛を表している聖書の言葉をいくつか紹介したいと思います。
ヨハネ3章16節:
「神は、実に、そのひとり子をお与えになったほどに、世を愛された。それは、彼を信じる者が…」
詩編89編1〜2節:
「私は主の変わらない愛をとこしえに歌います。あなたの真実を代々に語り継ぎます。あなたの愛は永遠に確かなものとして打ち立てられています。」
イザヤ書54章10節:
「たとえ山が移り、丘が動いても、わたしの変わらない愛はあなたから離れることがない。」
ローマの信徒への手紙8章39節:
「どんなものも、私たちを、私たちの主キリスト・イエスにおいて示された神の愛から引き離すことはできません。」
ヨハネ17章26節:
「あなたが私を愛してくださったその愛が彼らのうちにあり、私も彼らのうちにいるようにするためです。」
ヨハネの手紙第一4章7節:
「愛する者たちよ、互いに愛し合いましょう。愛は神から出ているのです。」
私は生涯クリスチャンとして歩み、44年間牧師として過ごしてきました。その中で感じているのは、イエスは出会う人々に対して、いつも3つのことを与えていたということです。その3つとは、「受け入れること(インクルーシブであること)」「ゆるし」、そして「愛」です。イエスは、仲間外れにされた人、排除された人、社会の中で弱い立場に置かれた人たちを、いつも受け入れようとしていました。すべての人は神に愛される価値がある存在だと考えていたのです。だからこそ、イエスは常に外にいる人たちに手を差し伸べていました。
次に「ゆるし」です。新約聖書の中では、「ゆるす」や「ゆるし」という言葉が、およそ170回近く出てきます(翻訳によって多少違います)。イエスの教えでは、ゆるしはいつでも与えられるべきものです。何回まで、という限界はありません。私たちは何度でもゆるすように求められているのです。
私は、この「受け入れること」と「ゆるし」は、どちらもイエスに示された神の「無条件の愛」の一部だと思っています。それは人間としての愛であると同時に、神としての愛でもあります。イエスが涙を流したその涙の中にこそ、受け入れ、ゆるし、そして人間的でもあり神的でもある愛の本質が表れているのです。
今日は、犬の話から始まり、神の話へと進み、死と命について考え、そしてもしかすると、神が私たち一人ひとりに向けている愛の深さについて、少しだけ感じることができたかもしれません。私はこう確信しています。イエスがラザロのために涙を流したように、私たち一人ひとりのためにも涙を流してくださっているのです。私たちの弱さ、罪、不完全さ、そして苦しみをすべて知ったうえで、それでもなお涙を流してくださるのです。
そうです、本当に神は愛なのです。
アーメン。